Editor’s note: This article was updated at 8:45 a.m. Wednesday.
While perennial political candidate and semi-retired businessman H. Brooke Paige doesn’t describe himself as a latter-day “David” in his fight against the state’s “Golaith” Act 46 school consolidation law, he does rather like the ending of the Old Testament story.
In September, the Washington, Vt., resident filed a civil action that challenges the state’s “actors” and their law.
“If I fail with this lawsuit there will be no local control of schools in Vermont,” Paige told True North Reports. “This is a last stand. This is it.”
Paige said he began the civil action in May when it was clear to him Act 46 violated the state Constitution, state election laws, and the Vermont Supreme Court Brigham decision. That 1997 court ruling struck down an earlier education funding system with instruction to legislators to devise a better system to eliminate inequities on the local school district level.
Paige spent $1,250 of his own funds researching and preparing the suit and then filed the necessary documents in Orange County Superior Court.
“So far, no one has dared ask how Act 46, a law that threatens, intimidates, coerces, demands and bribes the good citizens of Vermont, can be right, let alone legal. Well, that’s just what I am doing,” he said.
Earlier this year, Paige and other town of Washington residents were upset with the move to consolidate the local school district.
“In the town of Washington we are being treated like a step sister in the merger move, but we are going to be underwriting the majority of this merger with the Orange School,” Paige said.
“There are pages and pages describing the merger process — 50 to 60 pages of boilerplate provided by the Agency of Education. … Nobody in their right mind would read this stuff. It’s just to baffle and gets everyone befuddled. … I don’t think the local school board even knew what was in this thing.”
Paige said that within the Orange Washington Union School District, the two local elementary schools, Orange Center School and Washington Village School, will be merged under Act 46. The schools have approximately the same number and types of students, 130, and the same academic curriculum. However, that’s where the similarity ends.
“We both have about the same kind of kids, yet Orange spends a half million dollars a year more than Washington does to educate the same number of kids,” Paige said. “Orange has no library in town, just a modest one in the school, so Orange kids come to Washington to use our free library. Beyond that, our late 1950s schoolhouse is all up-to-date, we have a sinking fund (money set aside for future needs) to cover things that might come up. … The Orange school has been hobbled together over 100 years and it has no sinking funds.”
Paige points to problems in Orange that Washington taxpayers will have to bear. He cited the need for a new $100,000 school boiler and well, and said Orange students “perform (as much as) 15 percent worse than Washington students.”
“We are nearly identical economically, have the same curriculum dictated by the Agency of Education. So, what can it be? It’s not the building creating these problems. It’s either crappy teachers or crappy management over there. Under Act 46 we’re inheriting half of that,” he said.
But there are other possible damages resulting from Act 46-mandated mergers.
The state Constitution guarantees residents the right to be involved in the education of children. By law, they run local schools, elect a board and vote on school budgets.
“This merger will take half of those guarantees away from me, and it also puts on me (a resident of Washington) an unconstitutional burden of being responsible for the children of Orange,” Paige said.
Other voices against Act 46
While Paige’s lawsuit against Vermont is significant, it’s neither the first nor possibly the last. There are other voices of concern being heard around the state.
In August, Karen Horn of the League of Cities and Towns said “there’s some concern that the end result (of Act 46) will just be the power to close small elementary schools.”
Hazen Union School Board member David Kelley told True North he supports the League’s work in scrutinizing Act 46-related activity across the state. “We need to hold Act 46 accountable. … We need to know what the consequences are; we need to know how it impacts property values and tax rates,” he said.
Jay Denault, a resident of Franklin, Vt., is a former chair of both the Missisquoi Union High School Board and the Franklin Northwest Supervisory Union. Recently he filed a criminal complaint against the state regarding Act 46. The complaint involves possible coercion by the state and addresses penalties on communities that do not merge schools. The status of the complaint currently is not known; state officials do not comment on ongoing litigation.
“A merger of Franklin Central School would be financially crippling for our town,” Denault said. “We are not the poster child for merging here in Vermont. We have 122 students; the school is consistently a top performing school in the state. Last year, it was ranked as the best pre-K to sixth grade school in Vermont. And Franklin has among the lowest per-student costs in the state.”
According to Denault, a merger of five schools in the Franklin Northwest Supervisory Union (FNSU) would increase per pupil costs in the town of Franklin by $1,036 per student. In addition, the merger would change student-to-teacher ratios.
“We’d be forced to merge with schools with much higher per pupil costs, much lower student-teacher ratios,” he said. “Our ratio is 15 to 1. One of the schools we’d be forced to merge with has a 9.1 to 1 ratio. So by that fact alone, financially it’s not going to be beneficial for Franklin. It amounts to a $115,000 hit for our town’s annual budget.”
Other downsides, according to Denault, include merging an award-winning school with elementary schools that require corrective actions.
“We’re trying to hang on to a high-performing school,” he said. “We’re a tight knit community here. Everybody knows everybody, and half of the people at the school are community volunteers. These folks feel really great about helping out at the school.”
Denault sees Act 46 as a clear and present threat to constitutionally protected local control.
“If a town votes yes to merge it gets a state merger-support grant, but if it doesn’t vote yes it doesn’t get the money. It’s coercion, maybe even kind of a bribe. The law states that if a town fails to vote for merger, a penalty will be imposed and then the state will step in and do (the merger) for you. That’s why I filed the criminal complaint.”
Time will tell
Meanwhile, Paige expects a court response to his lawsuit sometime in November. He said he’s convinced Act 46 “is unconstitutional and violates the laws of Vermont.”
“The radical progressives decided to take their best shot (at taking away local control of schools) through Act 46, counting on the fact that no one would believe that they would be so bold as to ignore the state’s constitution,” he said. “They must have believed that no one would be willing to expend the time, energy and the resources to challenge them — no school board, no parents group and most certainly no individual citizen like myself.”
Lou Varricchio is a freelance reporter for True North Reports. Send him news tips at lvinvt@gmx.com.
Thank You Mr. Varricchio for your interest in the legal battle against the State Board of Education, Secretary Holcombe and the AOE – an effort to have Act 46 ruled unconstitutional,
Two points of order: 1) my use of the word “crappy” in describing the competence of the Orange school board [management] and/or teachers was probably a little too harsh – “underperforming” would have been a gentler expression of their competence. 2) The needed boiler at the Orange Village will cost a little “north” of $85,000, however the school’s well runs dry each spring and also needs to be replaced at a cost of around $15,000. Additionally, the multi-level school is in need of an elevator to make it ADA compliant at a cost in excess of $200,000. Thus while the boiler alone will only require the Washingtonians to “pony up” a little over $40,000 of the shared expense – the overall needed repairs and upgrades ARE well in excess of the $100,000 mentioned. Lastly, depending on the grade Washington students perform 10% – 15% better than their Orange counterparts, not uniformly 15% better in every grade.
Again, Thank You for shedding a little light on this ongoing battle, Brooke
I hope this isn’t the ‘last stand’.
Even if this litigation flounders or fails, it sends a shot across the bow of the Vermont public school monopoly. I hope True North continues to report on this case, especially with regard to the details of the law. I suspect technicalities will surface casting the success of the suit in question. Knowing those details will enable those of us who agree with Mr. Paige, that the State’s over-reach must be challenged, to make his effort anything but a ‘last stand’.
And please let us know how we can help.
“Flounders and Fails” – OMG, there is a confidence builder !
This is not merely a shot across the bow – this is the death nail to end run around Vermont’s Constitution by Secretary Holcombe and Donna Russo-Savage. The State is taking this case seriously as A/G Donovan has assigned this case to the Solicitor General, Benjamin Brattles rather than a staff AAG and Brattles has asked the Court for an additional 60 days to prepare an adequate defense – a motion I will not oppose, if the Court will grant my request for a TRO and a hearing for a preliminary injunction placing further implementation of Act 46 on hold until the issues raised are resolved.
Jay, if others are planning legal actions, “times a wasting” these things take time and many of these mergers are scheduled to be implemented at the beginning of the next school year in September. Now is the time to take a stand and take action before it’s too late !
H. Brooke Paige
Homeschooling/unschooling: The ultimate in local control. Government schools be damned. In VT, they’re collapsing anyway. They’re anachronisms from the 19th century, and in VT specifically, they’re predicated on higher population models from the 1960s & 1970s. 3 students a day are leaving out of a population of less than 700k. We should be focusing on accelerating that process, not stopping or slowing it down. Freedom, not socialism.
Bravo, Mr. Paige! Far too few of we lowly citizens are willing to stand up against the long arm of state government these days. Here in Barre Town, our local school board recently voted to launch yet another Act 46 inspired merger study despite the fact that our town has already twice voted NO. Apparently, some folks think the state will “force” us to merge under the “stick” provisions of the “carrot & stick” mandates of Act 46. We’ll be watching the progress of your law suit with great interest. Thank you for carrying the torch on the important questions you have raised.